Description
Prostate cancer is the most frequent type of cancer found in man and is the second cause of death due to cancer in
males. Until recently, digital rectal examination (DRE) was frequently used as only diagnostic modality for the detection
of early stages of prostate cancer. In the recent years the determination of serum PSA levels has become the most
accepted method to improve the diagnostic specificity of DRE. Although PSA is a tissue specific protein and is not
solely tumor specific, it has become the most important marker for prostate carcinoma, showing a better specificity than
other biochemical markers used in this context (PAP, total alkaline phosphatase, carcinoembryonic antigen, etc.)
